Shloka 91

अथार्जुन: सर्वतो वारुणास्त्रं प्रादुश्षक्रे त्रासयन्‌ धार्तराष्ट्रान्‌ | त॑ प्रत्युदीयु: कुरव: पाण्डुपुत्रं रथैर्महाहैं: शरवर्षाण्यवर्षन्‌,तदनन्तर अर्जुनने धृतराष्ट्रके पुत्रोंको भयभीत करते हुए सब ओर वारुणास्त्र प्रकट किया। कौरव-सैनिक अपने बहुमूल्य रथोंद्वारा पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुनकी ओर बढ़े और उनपर बाणोंकी वर्षा करने लगे

athārjunaḥ sarvato vāruṇāstraṃ prāduścakre trāsayan dhārtarāṣṭrān | taṃ pratyudīyuḥ kuravaḥ pāṇḍuputraṃ rathair mahāhaiḥ śaravarṣāṇy avarṣan |

Sañjaya said: Then Arjuna, terrifying the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra on every side, manifested the Vāruṇa weapon. In response, the Kurus advanced against the son of Pāṇḍu with great, splendid chariots and rained volleys of arrows upon him. The episode underscores how, in the heat of war, fear and retaliation rapidly escalate—prowess is met not with reflection but with counter-force.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वतःon all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
वारुण-अस्त्रम्the Varuṇa-weapon (water-missile)
वारुण-अस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवारुणास्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रादुः-चक्रेmanifested / brought forth
प्रादुः-चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रादुः√कृ
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रासयन्frightening
त्रासयन्:
TypeVerb
Root√त्रस् (त्रासयति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रान्the sons/men of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धार्तराष्ट्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रत्युदीयुःadvanced against / went forth to meet
प्रत्युदीयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-√या
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कुरवःthe Kurus
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डु-पुत्रम्the son of Pāṇḍu
पाण्डु-पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महाहैःwith great horses
महाहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शर-वर्षाणिshowers of arrows
शर-वर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अवर्षन्they rained down
अवर्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√वृष्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
K
Kuravas (Kuru forces)
P
Pāṇḍu
V
Vāruṇāstra
C
chariots (ratha)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical pattern in the epic: fear provokes counter-violence, and power is answered by greater force. It invites reflection on how quickly conflict escalates when opponents respond from panic and pride rather than restraint and discernment.

Arjuna deploys the Vāruṇa weapon, frightening the Kaurava side. The Kuru warriors then surge forward in well-equipped chariots and unleash heavy arrow-fire at Arjuna in an attempt to check his advance.