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Shloka 77

द्रोणकर्णयोः निशि संप्रहारः — Night Engagement with Droṇa and Karṇa

इत्येवं तर्जयन्तौ तौ वाक्‍शल्यैस्तुदतां तदा । युध्येतां समरे वीरौ चित्र लघु च सुष्ठुच,इस प्रकार एक-दूसरेको ललकारते और डाँटते हुए वे दोनों वीर वाक्यरूपी बाणोंद्वारा परस्पर चोट करते हुए समरांगणमें शीघ्रतापूर्वक और सुन्दर ढंगसे विचित्र युद्ध कर रहे थे

sañjaya uvāca | ityevaṁ tarjayantau tau vākśalyais tudatāṁ tadā | yudhyetāṁ samare vīrau citra-laghu ca suṣṭhu ca ||

Sañjaya said: Thus, as the two heroes taunted and challenged one another, wounding each other with barbed words, they fought on the battlefield—swiftly, skillfully, and in a strikingly varied manner. The verse highlights how, amid war, speech itself becomes a weapon, intensifying hostility and testing restraint alongside martial prowess.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तर्जयन्तौrebuking/taunting
तर्जयन्तौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतर्जयत् (√तर्ज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual, Present active (parasmaipada)
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वाक्-शल्यैःwith word-thorns (verbal barbs)
वाक्-शल्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्-शल्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तुदताम्of (the two) striking/piercing
तुदताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootतुदत् (√तुद्)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual, Present active (parasmaipada)
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
युध्येताम्they two fought
युध्येताम्:
TypeVerb
Root√युध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Dual, Ātmanepada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वीरौtwo heroes
वीरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
चित्रम्wondrous/variegated (as an act)
चित्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लघुswiftly
लघु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootलघु
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुष्ठुwell, excellently
सुष्ठु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुष्ठु
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
समर (battlefield/war)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that in warfare not only weapons but also words can wound; ethical restraint (dharma) is tested when anger and insult escalate conflict, and true heroism includes mastery over speech as well as arms.

Sañjaya describes two opposing warriors engaged in a duel: they exchange sharp taunts and threats, ‘piercing’ each other with verbal barbs while simultaneously fighting with swift, skillful, and varied maneuvers on the battlefield.