Shloka 18
अन्धकार-रजःसंमूढे रणाङ्गणे प्रदीपप्रकाशः | Illumination of the Army in Darkness and Dust
Devanagari script
त॑ पराड्मुखमालोक्य पदातिं सूतनन्दनम् | कौन्तेयशरसंछन्न॑ राजा दुर्योधनो<ब्रवीत्,सूतपुत्र कर्णको युद्धसे विमुख, पैदल तथा भीमसेनके बाणोंसे आच्छादित देखकर राजा दुर्योधन अपने सैनिकोंसे बोला--
Transliteration
taṁ parāṅmukham ālokya padātiṁ sūtanandanam | kaunteyaśarasaṁchannaṁ rājā duryodhano 'bravīt ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Seeing Karṇa, the charioteer’s son, turned away and fighting on foot, his body covered by the arrows of the son of Kuntī, King Duryodhana addressed him. In the moral tension of the war, the king’s words imply both urgency and reproach—calling a famed warrior back toward steadfastness and duty amid the chaos of retreat and injury.
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पराङ्मुखम्turned away; facing away
पराङ्मुखम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आलोक्यhaving seen
आलोक्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआलोक्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
पदातिम्the foot-soldier
पदातिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतनन्दनम्the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतनन्दनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूतनन्दन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कौन्तेयशरसंछन्नम्covered with the arrows of the son of Kunti (Arjuna)
कौन्तेयशरसंछन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकौन्तेय-शर-संछन्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) from √छद्/छद् (to cover) with सम्-
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said; spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
DuryodhanaK
Karṇa (Sūtanandana/Sūtaputra)A
Arjuna (Kaunteya)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes