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Shloka 10

अन्धकार-रजःसंमूढे रणाङ्गणे प्रदीपप्रकाशः | Illumination of the Army in Darkness and Dust

अवारोहदू रथात्‌ तस्मादथ कर्णो महारथ: । गदां गृहीत्वा समरे भीमाय प्राहिणोद्‌ रुषा,महारथी कर्ण उस रथसे उतर गया और गदा लेकर उसने समरभूमिमें भीमसेनपर रोषपूर्वक चला दी

avarohad rathāt tasmād atha karṇo mahārathaḥ | gadāṁ gṛhītvā samare bhīmāya prāhiṇod ruṣā ||

Sañjaya said: Then Karṇa, that great chariot-warrior, descended from his chariot. Seizing a mace on the battlefield, he hurled it in wrath at Bhīmasena—an act that intensifies the ferocity of the duel and shows how anger can drive a warrior from measured combat into impulsive violence.

अवरोहत्descended
अवरोहत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअव√रुह्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्from that (place/thereupon)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गदाम्a mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गृहीत्वाhaving seized/taken
गृहीत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भीमायto/at Bhima
भीमाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्राहिणोत्sent/ hurled
प्राहिणोत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√हि (प्र + √हि/हिण् ‘to send/throw’)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
रुषाwith anger
रुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरुष्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
R
ratha (chariot)
G
gadā (mace)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how krodha (anger) can overtake discernment even in a warrior bound by kṣatriya-dharma. It implicitly contrasts disciplined valor with wrath-driven action, reminding that ethical restraint is tested most severely amid violence.

Sañjaya reports that Karṇa dismounts from his chariot, takes up a mace, and angrily hurls it toward Bhīmasena in the midst of battle, escalating their confrontation.