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Shloka 30

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय 128: दुर्योधनस्य परसेनाप्रवेशः

Duryodhana’s Incursion and the Tumult of Battle

यः सदेवान्‌ सगन्धर्वान्‌ दैत्यांश्ैकरथो5जयत्‌

yaḥ sadevān sagandharvān daityāṁś caikaratho 'jayat

Sañjaya said: “He who, fighting alone in a single chariot, overcame even the gods, the Gandharvas, and the Daityas.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदेवान्together with the gods
सदेवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस + देव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सगन्धर्वान्together with the Gandharvas
सगन्धर्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस + गन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दैत्यान्the Daityas (demons)
दैत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एकरथःalone in one chariot; single-handed
एकरथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अजयत्conquered/defeated
अजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Devas
G
Gandharvas
D
Daityas
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses exalted comparison to convey the extraordinary stature of a warrior: true martial excellence is portrayed as so formidable that it is likened to surpassing even celestial and demonic hosts. Ethically, it reflects the epic’s kṣatriya ideal of valor and the narrative habit of measuring human deeds against cosmic benchmarks.

Sañjaya is describing a warrior’s overwhelming prowess, emphasizing that he could defeat even Devas, Gandharvas, and Daityas while fighting alone from a single chariot—an intensification meant to heighten Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sense of the battle’s gravity.