Shloka 48

ते तु नामाड़किता बाणा द्रोणेनास्ता: शिलाशिता: । नरान्‌ नागान्‌ हयांश्वैव निजघ्नु: शतशो मृधे,द्रोणाचार्यके चलाये हुए वे बाण सानपर चढ़ाकर तेज किये गये थे। उनपर आचार्यके नाम खुदे हुए थे। उन्होंने समरभूमिमें सैकड़ों मनुष्यों, हाथियों और घोड़ोंका संहार कर डाला

te tu nāmāṅkitā bāṇā droṇenāstāḥ śilāśitāḥ | narān nāgān hayāṁś caiva nijaghnūḥ śataśo mṛdhe ||

Sañjaya said: Those arrows, launched by Droṇa—sharpened and honed upon the whetstone and bearing his very name engraved upon them—cut down in the press of battle hundreds of men, elephants, and horses. The verse underscores the terrifying efficiency of martial skill: a teacher’s perfected weaponry becomes an impersonal force that devastates all ranks of life on the field, raising the ethical tension between prowess and the human cost of war.

तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
नामname
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आङ्किताःmarked/inscribed
आङ्किताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआङ्कित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बाणाःarrows
बाणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अस्ताःshot/cast
अस्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिलाशिताःwhetted on stone; sharpened
शिलाशिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशिलाशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरान्men
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नागान्elephants
नागान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
निजघ्नुःthey slew/killed
निजघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
शतशःby hundreds; in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
मृधेin battle
मृधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृध
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
A
arrows (bāṇāḥ)
W
whetstone/sharpening stone (śilā)
M
men (narāḥ)
W
war-elephants (nāgāḥ)
H
horses (hayāḥ)
B
battlefield/combat (mṛdha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how perfected skill and reputation (arrows engraved with Droṇa’s name) can magnify the consequences of action: excellence in warfare brings decisive results, yet it also intensifies the moral weight of destruction, reminding the listener of the human and animal cost embedded in kṣatriya conflict.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa releases expertly honed arrows marked with his name, and these missiles slaughter hundreds of combatants—men, elephants, and horses—showing Droṇa’s overwhelming battlefield power during the Drona Parva fighting.