Shloka 51

जयद्रथवधः — The Slaying of Jayadratha

Sunset Vow and Curse-Condition

Devanagari script

जिता: संख्ये महाराज युयुधानेन दंशिता: । पाण्णिशिश्व कशाभिश्च ताडयन्तस्तुरज्रमान्‌

Transliteration

jitāḥ saṅkhye mahārāja yuyudhānena daṃśitāḥ | pāṇṇiśiśva-kaśābhiś ca tāḍayantas turagrāmān ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O King, those warriors were overcome in the press of battle by Yuyudhāna. Stung by his assault, they lashed their horses with the reins and whips, driving their mounts on in desperation—an image of men whose courage is shaken, yet who, bound by the demands of war and duty to their side, force themselves back into the fray.

Word by Word

• जिताः: conquered/defeated
• जिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (√जि)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• संख्ये: in battle
• संख्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संख्या
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• युयुधानेन: by Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• युयुधानेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युयुधान
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दंशिताः: struck/bitten; wounded
• दंशिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दंशित (√दंश्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पाण्णिशिश्व: Pāṇṇiśiśva (proper name)
• पाण्णिशिश्व: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्णिशिश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कशाभिः: with whips
• कशाभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कशा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ताडयन्तः: striking, beating
• ताडयन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ताडयत् (√तड्/ताड्, caus.)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तुरगान्: horses
• तुरगान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुरग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
• Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• horses (turaga)