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Shloka 18

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 114 — Karṇa–Bhīmasena Missile Exchange, Disarmament, and Arjuna’s Intervention

नागा मेघनिभा राजन्‌ क्षरन्त इव तोयदा: । नैते जातु निवर्तेरन्‌ प्रेषिता हस्तिसादिभि:

nāgā meghanibhā rājan kṣaranta iva toyadāḥ | naite jātu nivarteran preṣitā hastisādibhiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, these elephants, dark as rain-clouds, seem as though they are pouring forth streams like water-bearing clouds. Once driven on by their mahouts and handlers, they will never turn back.”

नागाःelephants
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मेघनिभाःcloud-like
मेघनिभाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमेघनिभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्षरन्तिthey pour forth / they drip
क्षरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षर्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इवas if / like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
तोयदाःrain-clouds
तोयदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतोयद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जातुever / at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
निवर्तेरन्would turn back / would retreat
निवर्तेरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वृत्
FormOptative (Potential), Third, Plural, Atmanepada
प्रेषिताःsent / dispatched
प्रेषिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-इष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
हस्तिसादिभिःby elephant-drivers and the like
हस्तिसादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिसादि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
E
elephants (nāgāḥ)
R
rain-clouds (toyadāḥ/meghāḥ)
E
elephant-drivers/handlers (hastisādibhiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the momentum of war once forces are set in motion: disciplined power, when directed by commanders and handlers, becomes difficult to restrain. Ethically, it hints at the grave responsibility of those who ‘send forth’ violence—once unleashed, it rarely turns back easily.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra a vivid battlefield scene: elephants, compared to rain-clouds, surge forward as if streaming water. Driven by their mahouts and attendants, they press on without retreat, emphasizing the intensity of the ongoing combat.