Shloka 19

Devanagari script

अथ यान्‌ रथिनो राजन्‌ सहस्रमनुपश्यसि

Transliteration

atha yān rathino rājan sahasram anupaśyasi

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O King, those thousand chariot-warriors whom you now behold…”

Word by Word

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• यान्: whom/which (those)
• यान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रथिनः: chariot-warriors
• रथिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सहस्रम्: a thousand
• सहस्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनुपश्यसि: you see/observe
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु√पश्
• Form: Present, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the king’s role as a witness to the consequences of war: numbers and martial display are presented through Sañjaya’s narration, implicitly reminding that royal ambition and attachment lead to vast mobilization and suffering, for which rulers bear moral responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra and begins to identify or describe a large group—‘a thousand chariot-warriors’—that the king is (through Sañjaya’s report) being made to ‘see’ on the battlefield, setting up further details about who they are and what they do.