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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 113: Karṇa–Bhīma Śaravarṣa and the Battlefield Aftermath (कर्णभीमशरवर्षः)

दृढं त्वभिपरीतो5हमर्जुनेन पुनः पुन: । मध्ये सर्वस्य सैन्यस्थ वासुदेवस्य शृण्वत:

dṛḍhaṃ tvabhiparīto ’ham arjunena punaḥ punaḥ | madhye sarvasya sainyastha vāsudevasya śṛṇvataḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “Arjuna has again and again surrounded and pressed me hard. This has happened while I stood in the very midst of the entire army, with Vāsudeva listening.”

दृढम्firmly, strongly
दृढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अभिपरीतःsurrounded, encompassed
अभिपरीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-परि-इ (अभिपर्येति/अभिपरिणयति इत्यर्थे)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनेनby Arjuna
अर्जुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सर्वस्यof all
सर्वस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यस्यof the army
सैन्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
स्थःstanding, being situated
स्थः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle; used adjectivally)
वासुदेवस्यof Vāsudeva (Krishna)
वासुदेवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शृण्वतःwhile (he) is listening / of (him) listening
शृण्वतः:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
T
the army (sainya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of battlefield testimony: valor is not merely claimed but witnessed. Arjuna’s repeated tactical dominance is presented in the presence of Vāsudeva, underscoring accountability and the seriousness of kṣatriya action under watchful, discerning oversight.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna has repeatedly closed in on him and overwhelmed him, even while he was positioned amid the massed troops. He notes that Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) was listening, emphasizing that the event occurred openly and under an authoritative witness.