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Shloka 37

अध्याय ८८ — घटोत्कच-दुर्योधनयुद्धवर्णनम्

Ghaṭotkaca–Duryodhana Engagement

अफक्रान्तास्तुमुले सम्प्रमर्दे सुदारुणे भारत मोहनीये । अमूढचेतास्त्वथ चित्रसेनो महागदामापतत्तीं निरीक्ष्य,यमदण्डके समान भयंकर उस गदाको उठी हुई देख समस्त कौरव आपके पुत्रको वहीं छोड़कर गदाके उग्र आघातसे बचनेके लिये चारों ओर भाग गये। भारत! मोहमें डालनेवाले उस अत्यन्त दारुण एवं भयंकर जनसंहारमें उस महागदाको आती देख केवल चित्रसेनका चित्त किंकर्तव्यविमूढ़ नहीं हुआ था

sañjaya uvāca |

afakrāntās tumule sampramarde sudāruṇe bhārata mohanīye |

amūḍhacetas tv atha citraseno mahāgadām āpatattīṃ nirīkṣya ||

Sañjaya said: In that bewildering slaughter of the Bhāratas—fierce, tumultuous, and exceedingly dreadful—when the great mace came rushing in, terrible as Yama’s staff, all the Kauravas, abandoning your son on the spot, scattered in every direction to escape its violent blow. Only Citrasena’s mind did not fall into confusion at the sight of that onrushing mighty mace.

अफक्रान्ताःhaving retreated / having fallen back
अफक्रान्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव-√क्रम् (अफक्रान्त = अवक्रान्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुमुलेin the tumultuous
तुमुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सम्प्रमर्देin the crushing melee
सम्प्रमर्दे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रमर्द
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सुदारुणेvery dreadful
सुदारुणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मोहनीयेbewildering / delusive
मोहनीये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहनीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
अमूढचेताःone whose mind was not bewildered
अमूढचेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमूढचेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
चित्रसेनःChitrasena
चित्रसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महागदाम्the great mace
महागदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहागदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आपतन्तीम्rushing/falling upon (coming swiftly)
आपतन्तीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-√पत् (आपतन्ती)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
निरीक्ष्यhaving seen / observing
निरीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'bhārata')
K
Kauravas
Y
your son (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son; implied)
C
Citrasena
M
mahāgadā (great mace)
Y
Yama (implied via comparison to Yama’s staff)

Educational Q&A

In the chaos of war, most minds succumb to fear and confusion, leading to abandonment and disorder; steadiness of mind (amūḍhacetas) becomes a mark of true martial composure and ethical agency, because clear perception is the prerequisite for responsible action even amid violence.

During a brutal melee, a terrifying great mace surges forward like Yama’s staff. The Kaurava fighters panic and scatter, leaving Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son behind, while Citrasena alone remains unbewildered at the sight of the incoming weapon.