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Shloka 42

Adhyāya 74 (Book 6, Bhīṣma-parva): Bhīma–Duryodhana re-engagement and afternoon escalation

तेषां तथा कर्षतां तु गजानां रूपमाबभौ | सर:सु नलिनीजालं विषक्तमिव कर्षताम्‌

teṣāṃ tathā karṣatāṃ tu gajānāṃ rūpam ābabhau | saraḥsu nalinījālaṃ viṣaktam iva karṣatām ||

Sañjaya said: As those elephants strained and dragged on, their appearance became like a tangled net of lotus-stalks caught in the lakes—an image of mighty strength hindered by entanglement amid the press of war.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कर्षताम्of (those) dragging/pulling
कर्षताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
गजानाम्of the elephants
गजानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रूपम्appearance, form
रूपम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आबभौshone, appeared
आबभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभा
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सरःसुin lakes/ponds
सरःसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
नलिनीजालम्a mass/net of lotuses
नलिनीजालम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनलिनी-जाल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विषक्तम्clinging, stuck, entangled
विषक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-षञ्ज्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कर्षताम्of (those) dragging/pulling
कर्षताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
elephants (gaja)
L
lakes/ponds (saras)
L
lotus-net/mass (nalinījāla)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how even great power can be checked by entanglement and adverse conditions; in war, strength alone does not guarantee freedom of action, and confusion can bind the mighty like a net.

Sañjaya describes elephants in the battle struggling as they pull and strain; their clustered, hindered movement is compared to lotus-stalks tangled together in a lake.