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Shloka 503

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

असहां मन्यमानाश्च नातिप्रमनसो5 भवन्‌ । उसके उस विशाल रूपको देखकर सब महारथी अपने लिये असहा मानते हुए हतोत्साह हो गये

asahān manyamānāś ca nātipramanaso 'bhavan |

Sañjaya said: Seeing that vast and overwhelming form, all the great chariot-warriors, judging themselves unable to withstand it, lost their confidence and became dispirited. The scene underscores how pride and mere martial prowess falter when confronted with a reality that exceeds human measure, turning the mind from aggression to humility and fear.

असहाःunable to endure
असहाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मन्यमानाःthinking/considering (themselves)
मन्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada (active participle sense)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतिप्रमनसःnot over-confident / not high-spirited
अतिप्रमनसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिप्रमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभवन्became / were
अभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
mahārathāḥ (the great chariot-warriors)
V
viśāla-rūpa (the vast form)

Educational Q&A

Human strength and pride collapse when faced with an overwhelming, higher reality; ethical insight here is the recognition of one’s limits, which can restrain reckless violence and cultivate humility.

Sañjaya reports that, upon seeing a vast and awe-inspiring form, the assembled elite warriors become discouraged, thinking themselves unable to withstand it, and their morale breaks.