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Shloka 496

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

द्विगुणं जवमास्थाय कम्पयंश्नरणैर्महीम्‌ । भगदत्तसे प्रेरित होकर कालके भेजे हुए यमराजकी भाँति वह मदसख्रावी गजराज दूने वेगका आश्रय ले अपने पैरोंकी धमकसे इस पृथ्वीको कँपाता हुआ उन सबकी ओर दौड़ा

sañjaya uvāca | dviguṇaṃ javam āsthāya kampayañ charaṇair mahīm |

Sañjaya said: Doubling its speed, the mighty elephant shook the earth with the pounding of its feet as it charged forward—like Death itself unleashed in battle, driven on by Bhagadatta’s command.

द्विगुणम्twofold, doubled
द्विगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जवम्speed, swiftness
जवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving assumed/taken (to)
आस्थाय:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
कम्पयन्shaking, causing to tremble
कम्पयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकम्प्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
चरणैःwith (his) feet
चरणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचरण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महीम्the earth
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhagadatta
E
elephant (gajarāja)
E
earth (mahī)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how martial power, when directed by a commander, can become overwhelming and death-like in its effects; it implicitly warns that unchecked force in war rapidly turns into widespread destruction, shaking the very foundations of order.

Sañjaya describes a war-elephant, urged on under Bhagadatta’s leadership, suddenly accelerating to a doubled pace and charging so heavily that its footsteps make the ground tremble, intensifying the terror and momentum of the battle scene.