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Shloka 43

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

भगदत्त: प्रभिन्नेन कुड्जरेण विशाम्पते । अभ्ययात्‌ सहसा तत्र यत्र भीमो व्यवस्थित:,प्रजानाथ! राजा भगदत्त मदवर्षी गजराजपर आरूढ़ हो सहसा उस स्थानपर आ पहुँचे, जहाँ भीमसेन खड़े थे

bhagadattaḥ prabhinnena kuñjareṇa viśāmpate | abhyayāt sahasā tatra yatra bhīmo vyavasthitaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: O lord of the people, King Bhagadatta, mounted on a rut-maddened elephant that had broken through the ranks, suddenly charged to the very spot where Bhīma stood ready. The scene underscores the ruthless momentum of battle, where royal valor and brute force converge, testing steadiness and duty amid chaos.

भगदत्तःBhagadatta
भगदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगदत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभिन्नेनwith a rut-maddened/violently charging
प्रभिन्नेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभिन्न (प्र + √भिद्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कुञ्जरेणelephant
कुञ्जरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति (विशाम् + पति)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभ्ययात्came up/approached
अभ्ययात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + √या
FormAorist (simple aorist), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सहसाsuddenly, swiftly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवस्थितःstanding, stationed
व्यवस्थितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यवस्थित (वि + अव + √स्था)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhagadatta
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
E
Elephant (kuñjara/gajarāja)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpate)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights battlefield dharma in practice: sudden, overwhelming force tests a warrior’s steadiness. It frames valor and readiness as ethical demands of kṣatriya duty, where one must remain composed and resolute even when confronted by terrifying power.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that King Bhagadatta, riding a charging elephant that has smashed through formations, rushes directly to the place where Bhīma is positioned, setting up a fierce confrontation.