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Shloka 80

(तथा च तव सैन्यानि तापयामासुरोजसा । शरैरशनिसंकाशै: पाण्डवाश्षैतरे नृपा: ।। तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम पाण्डवानां पराक्रमम्‌ । द्रावयामासुरिषुभि: सर्वान्‌ भीष्मपदानुगान्‌ ।।) पाण्डवों तथा अन्य राजाओंने वज्रके समान बाणोंद्वारा आपकी सेनाओंको बलपूर्वक पीड़ित किया। वहाँ हमने पाण्डवोंका यह अद्भुत पराक्रम देखा कि उन्होंने अपने बाणोंकी वर्षासे भीष्मका अनुगमन करनेवाले समस्त योद्धाओंको मार भगाया। वयं श्वेतहयाद्‌ भीता: कुन्तीपुत्रादू धनंजयात्‌

sañjaya uvāca | tathā ca tava sainyāni tāpayāmāsur ojasā | śarair aśani-saṅkāśaiḥ pāṇḍavāś ca itare nṛpāḥ || tatrādbhutam apaśyāma pāṇḍavānāṃ parākramam | drāvayāmāsur iṣubhiḥ sarvān bhīṣma-padānugān || vayaṃ śveta-hayād bhītāḥ kuntī-putrād dhanañjayāt |

Sañjaya said: “And so, with sheer force, the Pāṇḍavas and the other kings tormented your armies with arrows like thunderbolts. There we witnessed an astonishing display of the Pāṇḍavas’ valor: by a rain of shafts they drove into flight all the warriors who were following in Bhīṣma’s wake. We were terrified of Dhanañjaya, Kuntī’s son, the one with the white horses.”

तथाthus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सैन्यानिarmies/troops
सैन्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तापयामासुःthey tormented/afflicted
तापयामासुः:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormPerfect (Periphrastic Perfect), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, Indicative
ओजसाwith force/vigor
ओजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootओजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अशनिसंकाशैःlike thunderbolts
अशनिसंकाशैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअशनिसंकाश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतरेother
इतरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नृपाःkings
नृपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अद्भुतम्marvelous/wondrous (thing)
अद्भुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यामwe saw
अपश्याम:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect, 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada, Indicative
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पराक्रमम्valor/prowess
पराक्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रावयामासुःthey caused to flee/drove away
द्रावयामासुः:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormPerfect (Periphrastic Perfect), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, Indicative, true
इषुभिःwith arrows
इषुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भीष्मपदानुगान्those following in Bhishma's footsteps
भीष्मपदानुगान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभीष्मपदानुग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Plural
श्वेतहयात्from the one with white horses (Arjuna)
श्वेतहयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वेतहय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
भीताःafraid
भीताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुन्तीपुत्रात्from Kunti's son
कुन्तीपुत्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
धनंजयात्from Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
P
Pāṇḍavas
O
other kings (allied rulers)
B
Bhīṣma
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
K
Kuntī
W
white horses (Arjuna’s chariot team)
A
arrows
A
armies/troops

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how martial excellence and disciplined force can decisively shape battlefield morale: the Pāṇḍavas’ coordinated archery breaks the momentum of those aligned behind Bhīṣma. Ethically, it reflects kṣatriya-dharma in its stark form—duty expressed through courage, skill, and steadfastness amid fear.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Pāṇḍavas and their allied kings are striking the Kaurava forces with thunderbolt-like arrows. Their onslaught routs the warriors who are following Bhīṣma’s lead, and the speakers (Kaurava side) feel fear specifically of Arjuna, identified by his epithet Dhanañjaya and by his chariot’s white horses.