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Shloka 39

धूल मेघोंकी घटा-सी छा गयी। उसमें अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंकी चमक बिजलीकी प्रभाके समान व्याप्त हो रही थी, धनुषोंकी टंकारध्वनि अत्यन्त भयंकर प्रतीत होने लगी ।। बाणशड्खप्रणादाश्न भेरीणां च महास्वना: । रथघोषश्न संजज्ञे सेनयोरुभयोरपि,बाणों, शंखों तथा भेरियोंके सम्मिलित शब्द जोर-जोरसे सुनायी देने लगे। साथ ही दोनों सेनाओंमें रथोंकी घरघराहट भी दूरतक फैलने लगी

bāṇaśaṅkhapraṇādāś ca bherīṇāṃ ca mahāsvanāḥ | rathaghoṣaś ca saṃjajñe senayor ubhayor api ||

Sañjaya said: The roar of arrows and conches, and the great booming of kettle-drums, rose up together; and the rumbling din of chariots also arose in both armies. The battlefield was being swallowed by dust like a mass of clouds, while the flash of weapons spread through it like lightning—an ominous prelude to the violence about to unfold.

बाणarrows
बाण:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शङ्खconch(-shells)
शङ्ख:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रणादाःroars/sounds
प्रणादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भेरीणाम्of kettle-drums
भेरीणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभेरी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महास्वनाःgreat-sounding/very loud (ones)
महास्वनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहास्वन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथघोषःthe din/rumble of chariots
रथघोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथघोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संजज्ञेarose/occurred
संजज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+जन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सेनयोःof the two armies
सेनयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Feminine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
both armies (Pāṇḍava and Kaurava forces)
A
arrows
C
conches
K
kettledrums (bherīs)
C
chariots

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than doctrinal: it highlights how collective violence gathers momentum through signals, instruments, and weaponry. Ethically, it frames war as an overwhelming force—audible and inescapable—reminding the listener that once conflict is unleashed, it engulfs all sides alike.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battle has fully surged: arrows hiss, conches blare, drums thunder, and chariots rumble across both armies. The scene conveys the immediate escalation into large-scale combat.