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Shloka 19

भीमसेनस्य बहुमहारथसंयुगः

Bhīmasena’s Engagement with Multiple Mahārathas

महारथा: समाख्याता: कुलपुत्रास्तनुत्यज: । अपरावर्तिन: सर्वे सुवर्णविकृतध्वजा:

mahārathāḥ samākhyātāḥ kulaputrās tanutyajaḥ | aparāvartinaḥ sarve suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “They are renowned as great chariot-warriors—noble-born men who have staked their very bodies in battle. None of them will turn back; all advance bearing standards adorned and fashioned with gold.”

महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समाख्याताःrenowned / so called
समाख्याताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-ख्या (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुलपुत्राःsons of noble families
कुलपुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुलपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तनुत्यजःthose who give up their bodies (life-sacrificers)
तनुत्यजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतनु-त्यज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपरावर्तिनःnot turning back / unretreating
अपरावर्तिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपरावर्तिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाःhaving banners adorned/ornamented with gold
सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुवर्ण-विकृत-ध्वज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
mahārathāḥ (great chariot-warriors)
D
dhvajāḥ (gold-adorned banners)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of steadfastness in battle: renowned warriors, conscious of honor and duty, do not retreat even at the cost of their bodies. It frames courage and resolve as ethical commitments within the war narrative.

Sañjaya is reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra about the assembled fighters: they are famed mahārathas, noble-born and ready to sacrifice their lives, advancing without turning back, their chariots marked by gold-ornamented banners.