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Shloka 11

सैन्यसंनिवेशः (Sainyasaṃniveśaḥ) — Deployment, Omens, and Yuddha-Dharma Conventions

शय्याश्व विविधास्तात तेषां रात्रौ युधिष्ठिर: । एवंवेदी वेदितव्य: पाण्डवेयोडयमित्युत,तात! रातके समय युधिष्ठिरने उन सबके सोनेके लिये नाना प्रकारकी शय्याओंका भी प्रबन्ध कर दिया था। युद्धकाल उपस्थित होनेपर कुरुनन्दन युधिष्ठिरने सभी सैनिकोंके पहचानके लिये उन्हें भिन्न-भिन्न प्रकारके संकेत और आभूषण दे दिये थे, जिससे यह जान पड़े कि यह पाण्डवपक्षका सैनिक है

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | śayyāś ca vividhās tāta teṣāṃ rātrau yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | evaṃvedī veditavyaḥ pāṇḍaveyo ’yam ity uta ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana said: “O dear one, during the night Yudhiṣṭhira arranged various kinds of beds for them. And so that each man might be recognized in the press of war, he also established distinguishing marks—so it would be known, ‘This is a soldier of the Pāṇḍavas.’”

शय्याःbeds, couches
शय्याः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशय्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विविधाःvarious, diverse
विविधाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तातO dear (father/son), O dear one
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वेदीknew, understood
वेदी:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वेदितव्यःto be known, should be recognized
वेदितव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्)
पाण्डवेयःa Pandava-man, belonging to the Pandavas
पाण्डवेयः:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डवेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus, as (quotation marker)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उतand also / moreover (emphatic particle)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
तातO dear one
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
beds (śayyāḥ)
I
identifying marks/signs (implied by evaṃvedī/veditavyaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, righteous leadership expresses itself through care for one’s people and through disciplined organization—providing rest and ensuring clear identification to prevent confusion and harm.

On the eve of battle, Yudhiṣṭhira arranges sleeping provisions for the troops and sets up distinguishing signs so soldiers can be recognized as belonging to the Pāṇḍava side during combat.