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Shloka 20

वज्रदत्तेन सह अर्जुनयुद्धम्

Arjuna’s engagement with Vajradatta during the Aśvamedha circuit

स तैर्विद्धो महानागो विस्रवन्‌ रुधिरं वभौ । गैरिकाक्तमिवाम्भोडडद्रिरबहुप्रस्रवणं तदा,उन बाणोंसे घायल होकर वह महानाग खूनकी धारा बहाने लगा। उस समय वह गेरूमिश्रित जलकी धारा बहानेवाले अनेक झरनोंसे युक्त पर्वतके समान जान पड़ता था

sa tair viddho mahānāgo visravan rudhiraṃ vabhau | gairikāktaṃ ivāmbhoda-drir bahu-prasravaṇaṃ tadā ||

Vaiśampāyana said: Pierced by those arrows, the mighty elephant began to pour forth streams of blood. At that moment he appeared like a rain-bearing mountain, streaked with red ochre, from which many springs gush—an image that heightens the pathos of violence and the stark cost of martial action.

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैःby those (arrows)
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विद्धःpierced/wounded
विद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
महानागःthe great elephant
महानागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहानाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विस्रवन्flowing forth, streaming
विस्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + स्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
रुधिरम्blood
रुधिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरुधिर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वभौshone/appeared
वभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभा
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गैरिकाक्तम्smeared/tinged with red ochre
गैरिकाक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगैरिकाक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अम्भोदःcloud
अम्भोदः:
TypeNoun
Rootअम्भोद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अद्रिःmountain
अद्रिः:
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुप्रस्रवणम्having many springs/streams
बहुप्रस्रवणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुप्रस्रवण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
mahānāga (great elephant)
A
arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the tangible suffering produced by warfare: even when battle is framed within kṣatriya-duty, its immediate reality is pain and bloodshed. The poet’s vivid simile invites ethical reflection on the cost of violence rather than glorifying it.

An elephant, struck by multiple arrows, bleeds profusely. The narrator compares the blood streaming from its wounds to a rain-cloud mountain with many springs, visually intensifying the scene’s brutality.