Shloka 4
Brahmopadeśa on Saṃnyāsa, Tapas, and Jñāna (ब्रह्मोपदेशः—संन्यासतपोज्ञानविमर्शः)
तपसा क्षेममध्वानं गच्छन्ति परमे श्वरम् । संन्यासनिरता नित्यं ये च ब्रह्म॒ुविदो जना:,जिनके मनकी मैल धुल गयी है, जो परम पवित्र हैं, जिन्होंने रजोगुणको त्याग दिया है, जिनका अन्तःकरण निर्मल है, जो नित्य संन्यासपरायण तथा ब्रह्मके ज्ञाता हैं, वे पुरुष तपस्याके द्वारा कल्याणमय पथका आश्रय लेकर परमेश्वरको प्राप्त होते हैं
tapasā kṣemamadhvānaṃ gacchanti parameśvaram | saṃnyāsaniratā nityaṃ ye ca brahmavido janāḥ ||
Vāyudeva said: Those people who are ever devoted to renunciation and who truly know Brahman—advancing by the auspicious path secured through austerity—attain the Supreme Lord. The verse commends inner purification and disciplined self-restraint as the ethical means by which seekers move from worldly agitation toward the highest spiritual goal.
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
Austerity (tapas) coupled with constant renunciation (saṃnyāsa) and Brahman-knowledge is presented as the auspicious path that leads to realization/attainment of the Supreme Lord (Parameśvara). Ethical purification and disciplined restraint are treated as the practical means to the highest end.
Vāyudeva is speaking, describing the spiritual qualification and practice of certain seekers—those devoted to renunciation and established in Brahman-knowledge—and stating the result of their path: they attain the Supreme Lord.