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Shloka 14

Brahmā’s Enumeration of Primacies (Ādi) and the Supremacy of Knowledge

Jñāna

तथा त्रिपथगा गड्जा नदीनामग्रजा स्मृता । तथा सरोदपानानां सर्वेषां सागरोडग्रज:,सब नदियोंमें त्रिपथगा गंगा ज्येष्ठ मानी गयी है। सरोवरोंमें सर्वप्रथम समुद्रका प्रादुर्भाव हुआ है

tathā tripathagā gaṅgā nadīnām agrajā smṛtā | tathā sarodapānānāṁ sarveṣāṁ sāgaro 'grajaḥ ||

Vāyu said: “Just as Tripathagā—Gaṅgā, who flows in three courses—is remembered as the foremost among rivers, so too among all reservoirs and watersheds the Ocean is regarded as the first-born and preeminent.” The statement underscores a moral analogy: as the greatest exemplars are acknowledged in each domain, so should rightful precedence and excellence be recognized in matters of conduct and order.

तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
त्रिपथगाgoing in three paths (heaven/earth/netherworld)
त्रिपथगा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिपथग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गङ्गाGanga
गङ्गा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नदीनाम्of rivers
नदीनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
अग्रजाelder; first-born; foremost
अग्रजा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्रज
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृताis considered; is remembered as
स्मृता:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सरोदपानानाम्of lakes and ponds
सरोदपानानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसरोदपान
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सागरःthe ocean
सागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्रजःthe foremost; the eldest
अग्रजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
G
Gaṅgā
S
Sāgara (Ocean)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches recognition of rightful preeminence: just as tradition acknowledges Gaṅgā as chief among rivers and the Ocean as primary among bodies of water, one should similarly honor proper rank, excellence, and established order in ethical and social contexts.

Vāyudeva is speaking and uses well-known natural exemplars—Gaṅgā and the Ocean—to make an illustrative comparison about primacy and acknowledged greatness, grounding the point in widely accepted sacred-geographical knowledge.