Shloka 19
प्रधानगुणतत्त्वज्ञ: सर्वभूतविधानवित् | निर्ममो निरहड्कारो मुच्यते नात्र संशय:,जो माया और सत्त्वादि गुणोंके तत्त्वको जानता है, जिसे सब भूतोंके विधानका ज्ञान है और जो ममता तथा अहंकारसे रहित हो गया है, वह मुक्त हो जाता है--इसमें संदेह नहीं है
pradhāna-guṇa-tattva-jñaḥ sarva-bhūta-vidhāna-vit | nirmamo nirahaṅkāro mucyate nātra saṁśayaḥ ||
Vāyu said: “One who truly knows the principles of Pradhāna (primordial nature) and the guṇas such as sattva, who understands the ordering and governance of all beings, and who has become free from possessiveness and egoism—such a person is liberated. Of this there is no doubt.”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation arises from discriminative knowledge of Pradhāna and the guṇas, together with insight into how beings are constituted and governed, and is completed by inner renunciation—freedom from possessiveness (mamatā) and egoism (ahaṅkāra).
Vāyudeva is delivering an instructive discourse, presenting a concise criterion for mokṣa: metaphysical understanding (Sāṅkhya-style tattva-jñāna) joined to ethical-psychological purification (non-attachment and egolessness).