Shloka 1
अफ-्-णक+ एकत्रिशो<5 ध्याय: राजा अम्बरीषकी गायी हुई आध्यात्मिक स्वराज्यविषयक गाथा ब्राह्मण उवाच त्रयो वै रिपवो लोके नवधा गुणत: स्मृता: । प्रहर्ष: प्रीतिरानन्दस्त्रयस्ते सात््चिका गुणा:,ब्राह्मणने कहा--देवि! इस संसारमें सत्त्व, रज और तम--ये तीन मेरे शत्रु हैं। ये वृत्तियोंके भेदसे नौ प्रकारके माने गये हैं। हर्ष, प्रीति और आनन्द--ये तीन सात््विक गुण हैं; तृष्णा, क्रोध और द्वेषभाव--से तीन राजस गुण हैं और थकावट, तन्द्रा तथा मोह--ये तीन तामस गुण हैं
brāhmaṇa uvāca | trayo vai ripavo loke navadhā guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ | praharṣaḥ prītir ānandas trayas te sāttvikā guṇāḥ |
The Brahmin said: “O goddess, in this world there are indeed three enemies—sattva, rajas, and tamas. By their differing modes of operation they are remembered as ninefold. Exhilaration, affection, and bliss—these three are the qualities born of sattva.”
ब्राह्मण उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames the three guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—as ‘enemies’ to be understood and mastered. It begins a ninefold mapping of mental states arising from these guṇas, identifying exhilaration (praharṣa), affectionate contentment (prīti), and bliss (ānanda) as sattvic manifestations.
A Brahmin addresses a देवी (a goddess-like interlocutor) and introduces a doctrinal explanation: how the guṇas operate in human experience. This verse specifically lists the three sattvic states, setting up a broader classification (ninefold) that continues in subsequent lines/verses.