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Shloka 4

अलर्कोपाख्यानम् — Indriya-Nigraha and Yogic Victory

Mahābhārata 14.30

स्थितस्य वृक्षमूलेषु तस्य चिन्ता बभूव ह । उत्सृज्य सुमहत्कर्म सूक्ष्म प्रति महामते,महामते! वे बड़े-बड़े कर्मोंका आरम्भ त्यागकर एक वृक्षके नीचे जा बैठे और सूक्ष्मतत््वकी खोजके लिये इस प्रकार चिन्ता करने लगे

sthitasya vṛkṣamūleṣu tasya cintā babhūva ha | utsṛjya sumahat karma sūkṣmaṃ prati mahāmate ||

As he sat down at the roots of trees, a deep concern arose in him. Setting aside the undertaking of great outward works, the wise one turned his mind toward the subtle truth, reflecting inwardly in search of what is most essential.

स्थितस्यof (him) being seated/standing
स्थितस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थित (स्था धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वृक्षin/at trees
वृक्ष:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
मूलेषुat the roots
मूलेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
चिन्ताthought/anxiety
चिन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचिन्ता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बभूवarose/was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सुमहत्very great
सुमहत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-महत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मaction/deed/undertaking
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सूक्ष्मम्subtle (principle/thing)
सूक्ष्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards/with regard to
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
महामतेO great-minded one
महामते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहामति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

समुद्र उवाच

समुद्र (Samudra, the Ocean)
वृक्ष (tree)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts external, grand undertakings with inward discernment: true wisdom may require laying aside impressive actions to pursue subtle truth through reflection and self-inquiry.

The speaker describes a wise person who, instead of beginning major works, sits beneath trees and becomes absorbed in thoughtful concern—turning attention toward subtle principles and deeper understanding.