Shloka 25
Ādi-parva, Adhyāya 73: Devayānī–Śarmiṣṭhā Dispute, Confinement in the Well, and Yayāti’s Rescue
(शड्कितैव च विप्रर्षिमुपचक्राम सा शनै: । ततो<स्य राजग्जग्राह आसनं चाप्यकल्पयत् ।। शकुन्तला च सव्रीडा तमृषिं नाभ्यभाषत । तस्मात् स्वधर्मात् स्खलिता भीता सा भरतर्षभ ।। अभवदू दोषदर्शित्वाद् ब्रह्मचारिण्ययन्त्रिता । स तदा व्रीडितां दृष्टवा ऋषिस्तां प्रत्यभाषत ।। तत्पश्चात् वह डरती हुई ब्रह्मर्षिके निकट धीरे-धीरे गयी। फिर उसने उनके लिये आसन लेकर बिछाया। शकुन्तला इतनी लज्जित हो गयी थी कि महर्षिसे कोई बाततक न कर सकी। भरतश्रेष्ठ! वह अपने धर्मसे गिर जानेके कारण भयभीत हो रही थी। जो कुछ समय पहलेतक स्वाधीन ब्रह्मचारिणी थी, वही उस समय अपना दोष देखनेके कारण घबरा गयी थी। शकुन्तलाको लज्जामें डूबी हुई देख महर्षि कण्वने उससे कहा। कण्व उवाच सव्रीडैव च दीर्घायु: पुरेव भविता न च । वृत्तं कथय रम्भोरु मा त्रासं च प्रकल्पय ।। कण्व बोले--बेटी! तू सलज्ज रहकर ही दीर्घायु होगी। अब पहले जैसी चपल न रह सकेगी। शुभे! सारी बातें स्पष्ट बता; भय न कर। वैशम्पायन उवाच ततः कृच्छादतिशुभा सव्रीडा श्रीमती तदा । सगद्गदमुवाचेदं काश्यपं सा शुचिस्मिता ।। वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--राजन्! पवित्र मुसकान-वाली वह सुन्दरी अत्यन्त सदाचारिणी थी; तो भी अपने व्यवहारसे लज्जाका अनुभव करती हुई महर्षि कण्वसे बड़ी कठिनाईके साथ गद्गदकण्ठ होकर बोली। शकुन्तलोवाच राजा ताताजगामेह दुष्यन्त इलिलात्मज: । मया पतिर्वृतों योडसौ दैवयोगादिहागत: ।। तस्य तात प्रसीदस्व भर्ता मे सुमहायशा: । अतः सर्व तु यद् वृत्तं दिव्यज्ञानेन पश्यसि । अभरयं क्षत्रियकुले प्रसाद कर्तुमहसि ।।) शकुन्तला बोली--तात! इलिलकुमार महाराज दुष्यन्त इस वनमें आये थे। दैवयोगसे इस आश्रमपर भी उनका आगमन हुआ और मैंने उन्हें अपना पति स्वीकार कर लिया। पिताजी! आप उनपर प्रसन्न हों। वे महायशस्वी नरेश अब मेरे स्वामी हैं। इसके बादका सारा वृत्तान्त आप दिव्य ज्ञानदृष्टिसे देख सकते हैं। क्षत्रियकुलको अभयदान देकर उनपर कृपादृष्टि करें। विज्ञायाथ च तां कण्वो दिव्यज्ञानो महातपा: । उवाच भगवान् प्रीत: पश्यन् दिव्येन चक्षुषा,महातपस्वी भगवान् कण्व दिव्यज्ञानसे सम्पन्न थे। वे दिव्य दृष्टिसे देखकर शकुन्तलाकी तात्कालिक अवस्थाको जान गये; अतः प्रसन्न होकर बोले--
śaṅkitāiva ca viprarṣim upacakrāma sā śanaiḥ | tato 'sya rājag jagrāha āsanaṃ cāpy akalpayat || śakuntalā ca savrīḍā tam ṛṣiṃ nābhyabhāṣata | tasmāt svadharmāt skhalitā bhītā sā bharatarṣabha || abhavad doṣadarśitvād brahmacāriṇy ayantritā | sa tadā vrīḍitāṃ dṛṣṭvā ṛṣis tāṃ pratyabhāṣata ||
kaṇva uvāca | savrīḍaiva ca dīrghāyuḥ pūr eva bhavitā na ca | vṛttaṃ kathaya rambhoru mā trāsaṃ ca prakalpaya ||
vaśiṣṭha uvāca | tataḥ kṛcchrād atiśubhā savrīḍā śrīmatī tadā | sagadgadam uvācedaṃ kāśyapaṃ sā śucismitā ||
śakuntalovāca | rājā tātājagāmeha duṣyanta ililātmajaḥ | mayā patir vṛto yo 'sau daivayogād ihāgataḥ || tasya tāta prasīdasva bhartā me sumahāyaśāḥ | ataḥ sarvaṃ tu yad vṛttaṃ divyajñānena paśyasi | abhayaṃ kṣatriyakule prasādaṃ kartum arhasi ||
vaśiṣṭha uvāca | vijñāyātha ca tāṃ kaṇvo divyajñāno mahātapāḥ | uvāca bhagavān prītaḥ paśyan divyena cakṣuṣā ||
Śakuntalā, anxious and hesitant, approached the brahmarṣi slowly. She took a seat for him and arranged it. Overcome with shame, she could not speak to the sage. O best of the Bharatas, having slipped from the strictness of her former discipline, she felt afraid; once a self-directed celibate student, she now trembled as she saw her own fault. Seeing her sunk in embarrassment, the sage addressed her: “My child, with modesty you will indeed be long-lived; you will not remain as carefree as before. O fair-thighed one, tell me plainly what has happened—do not give way to fear.” Then, with difficulty, that radiant young woman—though virtuous—spoke to Kaṇva with a choked voice and a pure smile: “Father, King Duṣyanta, son of Ilila, came here to this forest. By destiny he arrived at this hermitage, and I accepted him as my husband. Be pleased with him, Father; he is my lord, a king of great renown. As for all that has occurred thereafter, you can see it by your divine knowledge. Grant fearlessness and favor to the kṣatriya line.” Kaṇva, the great ascetic endowed with divine insight, understood her condition by his inner vision and, pleased, spoke to her.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage frames ethical maturity as owning one’s actions within dharma: Śakuntalā’s shame signals moral awareness (doṣa-darśana), while Kaṇva’s response models compassionate guidance—encouraging truthful disclosure without panic. It also highlights the social-ethical role of elders/ascetics in legitimizing and protecting relationships that affect lineage and communal order.
Śakuntalā, fearful and embarrassed after accepting King Duṣyanta as husband, approaches Sage Kaṇva, offers him a seat, and struggles to speak. Kaṇva reassures her and asks her to narrate events. She then explains Duṣyanta’s arrival by fate, her choosing him as husband, and requests Kaṇva’s favor and protection for the royal line; Kaṇva, possessing divine insight, understands and prepares to respond.