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Shloka 2

सर्पसत्रे ऋत्विजः सदस्याश्च — Officiants and Assembly at Janamejaya’s Serpent-Sacrifice

ततः स भुजगश्रेष्ठ: श्रुत्वा सुमहदप्रियम्‌ । उवाच भगिनीं दीनां तदा दीनतर: स्वयम्‌,यह अत्यन्त अप्रिय समाचार सुनकर सर्पॉमें श्रेष्ठ वासुकि स्वयं भी बहुत दुःखी हो गये और दु:खमें पड़ी हुई अपनी बहिनसे बोले

tataḥ sa bhujagaśreṣṭhaḥ śrutvā sumahad apriyam | uvāca bhaginīṁ dīnāṁ tadā dīnataraḥ svayam ||

Then the foremost of serpents, having heard the exceedingly grievous and unwelcome news, spoke to his sister who was already distressed—he himself becoming even more downcast. The passage underscores how harsh tidings can deepen sorrow, yet also prompts compassionate speech toward those already afflicted.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from/then')
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
भुजगश्रेष्ठःthe best of serpents
भुजगश्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभुजगश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), 'having heard'
सुमहत्very great
सुमहत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (used adjectivally)
अप्रियम्unpleasant (thing/news)
अप्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रिय
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
भगिनीम्to (his) sister
भगिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभगिनी
FormFeminine, accusative, singular
दीनाम्distressed, miserable
दीनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन
FormFeminine, accusative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
FormAvyaya
दीनतरःmore distressed
दीनतरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीनतर
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (comparative)
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
FormAvyaya

तक्षक उवाच

V
Vāsuki
B
bhaginī (his sister)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical sensitivity in speech and conduct: when painful news arrives, one should respond with compassion, especially toward those already suffering, recognizing that grief can intensify and requires gentle, supportive communication.

A leading serpent (identified here as Vāsuki) hears extremely unwelcome news and, becoming even more sorrowful, addresses his sister who is already in distress, setting up the ensuing dialogue and response to the crisis.