HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 3Shloka 167

Shloka 167

यः पुरुष: स पर्जन्यो यो<श्वः सोडग्निर्य ऋषभस्त्वया पथि गच्छता दृष्ट: स ऐरावतो नागराट्‌,“जो पुरुष था, वह पर्जन्य (इन्द्र) है। जो अश्व था वह अग्नि है। इधरसे जाते समय मार्गमें तुमने जिस बैलको देखा था, वह नागराज ऐरावत हैं

yaḥ puruṣaḥ sa parjanyo yo ’śvaḥ so ’gnir ya ṛṣabhas tvayā pathi gacchatā dṛṣṭaḥ sa airāvato nāgarāṭ

Rama said: “The man you saw was Parjanya (Indra) in disguise; the horse was Agni; and the bull you noticed on the road as you travelled was Airāvata, the king of serpents. Thus, what appeared ordinary was in truth divine—revealing that the world often tests and guides travellers through hidden forms.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःman, person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe, that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्जन्यःParjanya (rain-god/Indra)
पर्जन्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्जन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वःhorse
अश्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe, that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषभःbull
ऋषभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine (common), Instrumental, Singular
पथिon the path, on the way
पथि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गच्छताwhile going, by (you) going
गच्छता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
दृष्टःseen
दृष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe, that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऐरावतःAirāvata
ऐरावतः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootऐरावत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागराट्king of nāgas (serpents/elephants)
नागराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनागराट्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

राम उवाच

R
Rama
P
Parjanya (Indra)
A
Agni
A
Airāvata
N
Nāgas

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that divine forces may appear in ordinary or deceptive forms; discernment and humility are needed, since encounters on one’s path can be tests, omens, or guidance from higher powers.

Rama identifies earlier-seen figures: the ‘man’ is Parjanya/Indra, the ‘horse’ is Agni, and the ‘bull’ seen on the road is Airāvata, described here as the king of nāgas—revealing the true identities behind the appearances.