Shloka 14

यत्र कूर्माग्रजं हस्ती सदा कर्षत्यवाड्मुख: । तयोर्जन्मान्तरे वैरं सम्प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषत:

yatra kūrmāgrajaṃ hastī sadā karṣaty avāḍmukhaḥ | tayor janmāntare vairaṃ sampravakṣyāmy aśeṣataḥ ||

“There, the elephant—its face turned downward—constantly drags along the elder brother of the tortoise. I shall now relate, in full, the enmity that arose between those two in a former birth.”

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
Formindeclinable (locative adverb)
कूर्माग्रजम्the elder brother of the tortoise
कूर्माग्रजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकूर्माग्रज
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
हस्तीthe elephant
हस्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
Formindeclinable (adverb)
कर्षतिdrags/pulls
कर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
Formpresent (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
अवाड्मुखःhaving a downward-turned face/mouth
अवाड्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवाड्मुख
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formgenitive, dual (common gender)
जन्मान्तरेin another birth
जन्मान्तरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मान्तर
Formneuter, locative, singular
वैरम्enmity
वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सम्प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall relate/tell fully
सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+प्र+वच्
Formsimple future (luṭ), parasmaipada, 1st person, singular
अशेषतःcompletely, without remainder
अशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअशेषतस्
Formindeclinable (adverb)

कश्यप उवाच

कश्यप (Kaśyapa)
हस्ती (elephant)
कूर्म (tortoise)
कूर्माग्रज (elder brother of the tortoise)

Educational Q&A

Hostility and suffering are often portrayed as consequences of prior actions; the verse frames present conflict as rooted in past-life enmity, emphasizing karmic continuity and moral causation.

Kaśyapa points to a scene where an elephant keeps dragging the tortoise’s elder brother and announces that he will now recount the complete backstory—how these two became enemies in a previous birth.