Shloka 21

ततोअग्निं खाण्डवं दग्धुमायान्तं दृष्टवानृषि: । मन्दपाल शक्षरंस्तस्मिन्‌ वने लपितया सह,उधर वनमें लपिताके साथ विचरते हुए मन्दपाल मुनिने अग्निदेवको खाण्डववनका दाह करनेके लिये आते देखा

tato 'gniṁ khāṇḍavaṁ dagdhum āyāntaṁ dṛṣṭavān ṛṣiḥ | mandapālaḥ śakraṁs tasmin vane lapitayā saha ||

Then the sage Mandapāla, roaming in that forest together with Lapitā, saw Agni approaching with the intent to burn the Khāṇḍava forest. The scene sets a moral tension between a cosmic act of purification and destruction and the immediate duty to protect life that dwells within the forest.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from there/then')
अग्निम्Agni (fire-god)
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
खाण्डवम्Khandava (forest)
खाण्डवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखाण्डव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दग्धुम्to burn
दग्धुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormTumun (infinitive): 'to burn'
आयान्तम्coming, approaching
आयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-या
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्टवान्saw; having seen
दृष्टवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormKta-vat (perfect participle/agentive), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषिःthe sage
ऋषिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्दपालःMandapala
मन्दपालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्दपाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरन्wandering, moving about
चरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter/Masculine, Locative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
लपितयाwith Lapitā
लपितया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलपिता
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
FormAvyaya (postposition governing instrumental)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Agni
K
Khāṇḍava forest
M
Mandapāla
L
Lapitā

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring Mahābhārata ethical tension: even when a divine or cosmic force moves toward destruction (often framed as purification or destiny), the human and ascetic perspective foregrounds immediate responsibility toward living beings and the consequences of such acts.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that the sage Mandapāla, while moving about in the forest with Lapitā, notices Agni coming specifically to burn the Khāṇḍava forest, signaling the onset of a major destructive event.