Shloka 43

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा निवारितान्‌ देवान्‌ माधवेनार्जुनेन च

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā nivāritān devān mādhavenārjunena ca

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: Seeing that the gods had been restrained—checked in their course—by Mādhava and by Arjuna, the situation turned upon the power and resolve of these two, as even divine forces were made to yield before their united purpose.

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• निवारितान्: restrained/checked
• निवारितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निवारित (नि + वारय् > निवारयति; past passive participle stem निवारित)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• माधवेन: by Mādhava (Krishna)
• माधवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अर्जुनेन: by Arjuna
• अर्जुनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Devas
• Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Arjuna

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights human (and divinely guided) agency: even powerful forces can be checked when dharmic resolve, strategic restraint, and united effort converge—here embodied by Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa) and Arjuna.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator notes a turning point: the gods are seen to have been held back or prevented by Mādhava and Arjuna, emphasizing the extraordinary efficacy of their combined action within the unfolding episode.