Shloka 17

ते धूमसड्घा: सम्भूता मेघसड्घा: सविद्युतः । अभ्यवर्षन्‌ सुरगणान्‌ श्रमसंतापकर्शितान्‌,वे धूमसमुदाय बिजलियोंसहित मेघोंकी घटा बनकर परिश्रम एवं संतापसे कष्ट पानेवाले देवताओंपर जलकी धारा बरसाते रहते थे

te dhūmasaṅghāḥ sambhūtā meghasaṅghāḥ savidyutaḥ | abhyavarṣan suragaṇān śramasantāpakarśitān ||

Those masses of smoke, having gathered and transformed into clusters of clouds flashing with lightning, poured down rain upon the hosts of gods who had been worn down by toil and scorched by distress—bringing them relief amid their hardship.

तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धूमसङ्घाःmasses/hosts of smoke
धूमसङ्घाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधूमसङ्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्भूताःarisen/produced
सम्भूताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-भू
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
मेघसङ्घाःmasses/hosts of clouds
मेघसङ्घाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेघसङ्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सविद्युतःwith lightning
सविद्युतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-विद्युत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभ्यवर्षन्they rained upon
अभ्यवर्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वृष्
Formलङ् (imperfect), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
सुरगणान्the hosts of gods
सुरगणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरगण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्रमसन्तापकर्शितान्worn down by toil and heat/distress
श्रमसन्तापकर्शितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रम-सन्ताप-कर्शित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

शौनक उवाच

धूमसङ्घाः (masses of smoke)
मेघसङ्घाः (cloud-masses)
विद्युत् (lightning)
सुरगणाः (hosts of gods)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a restorative turn in adversity: forces that appear harsh or obscuring (smoke) can transform into beneficent agents (rain-bearing clouds), suggesting that endurance through toil and distress may be met by timely relief within the larger cosmic order.

Śaunaka describes how the smoke-masses become lightning-filled cloud-banks and then rain upon the exhausted gods, who are suffering from exertion and oppressive heat/distress.