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Shloka 14

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 158 — Aṅgāraparṇa-saṃvāda and Gaṅgā-tīrtha Saṃghaṭṭa

Encounter at the Gaṅgā ford

कथं तव कुलस्यैकामिमां बालामनागसम्‌ । पितृपैतामहे मार्गे नियोक्तुमहमुत्सहे,आपके कुलकी इस एकमात्र निरपराध बालिकाको मैं बाप-दादोंके द्वारा पालित धर्ममार्गपर लगाये रखनेमें कैसे समर्थ होऊँगी

kathaṁ tava kulasyaikām imāṁ bālām anāgasam | pitṛ-paitāmahe mārge niyoktum aham utsahe ||

The brāhmaṇa said: “How could I bring myself to place this single, innocent young girl of your lineage upon the ancestral path handed down by fathers and grandfathers? How can I presume to direct her into that inherited course of duty?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
कुलस्यof the family
कुलस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
एकाम्one (single)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बालाम्girl/young maiden
बालाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनागसम्blameless/innocent
अनागसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागस्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पितृपैतामहेin the ancestral (father-and-grandfather) tradition
पितृपैतामहे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृपैतामह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मार्गेon the path
मार्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नियोक्तुम्to appoint/engage (to set on)
नियोक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-युज्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
उत्सहेam able/dare
उत्सहे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (a brāhmaṇa speaker)
बालिका (an innocent girl)
कुल (lineage/family)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds ethical restraint in exercising authority: even when tradition offers an “ancestral path,” one should hesitate to impose it upon a vulnerable, innocent person without clear moral warrant. Dharma here is not mere inheritance but a responsibility requiring conscientious judgment.

A brāhmaṇa speaker addresses someone about a young girl who is the sole child of that lineage. He expresses reluctance and moral hesitation to “direct” or “enjoin” her onto the ancestral course of conduct, emphasizing her innocence and the weight of deciding her life’s path.