Shloka 12

ततो द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः कर्ण: प्रियरण: सदा । यत्‌ कृतं तत्र पार्थेन तच्चकार महाबल:,तब सदा युद्धसे ही प्रेम करनेवाले महाबली कर्णने द्रोणाचार्यकी आज्ञा लेकर, अर्जुनने वहाँ जो-जो अस्त्र-कौशल प्रकट किया था, वह सब कर दिखाया

tato droṇābhyanujñātaḥ karṇaḥ priyaraṇaḥ sadā | yat kṛtaṃ tatra pārthena taccakāra mahābalaḥ ||

Then Karṇa—ever fond of battle—having obtained Droṇa’s permission, displayed the very same feats of weapon-skill that Pārtha (Arjuna) had shown there. The narrative underscores how martial excellence is pursued not only through learning but also through rivalry and the desire for recognition, setting the stage for ethical tensions about merit, status, and the right use of power.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
Formअव्ययम्
द्रोणof Drona
द्रोण:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम् (समासे/कृदन्ते निहित-सम्बन्धः)
अभ्यनुज्ञातःhaving been permitted/authorized
अभ्यनुज्ञातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि+अनु+ज्ञा (धातुः) → अभ्यनुज्ञात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त)
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
प्रियरणःfond of battle
प्रियरणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय + रण (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
Formअव्ययम्
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम् (सम्बन्धक-प्रयोगः)
कृतम्done, performed
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातुः) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
Formअव्ययम्
पार्थेनby Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
तत्that (correlative to yat)
तत्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम् (सम्बन्धक-प्रयोगः)
चकारdid, performed
चकार:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातुः)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपदम्), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
महाबलःmighty/very strong
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + बल (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Droṇa
K
Karṇa
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

Excellence can be replicated through determination and opportunity, but when driven by rivalry and the hunger for status, it can intensify ethical conflict—raising questions about how strength and skill should be directed within dharma.

After Arjuna demonstrates his prowess, Karṇa—having received Droṇa’s consent—performs the same martial displays, signaling his entry as a comparable warrior and sharpening the competitive tension between them.