Shloka 9

पूर्व: प्रवर्तितं किंचित्‌ कुले5स्मिन्‌ नृपसत्तमै: । साधु वा यदि वासाधु तन्नातिक्रान्तुमुत्सहे,'परंतु इस कुलमें पहलेके श्रेष्ठ राजाओंने कुछ शुल्क लेनेका नियम चला दिया है। वह अच्छा हो या बुरा, मैं उसका उल्लंघन नहीं कर सकता

pūrvaiḥ pravartitaṃ kiñcit kule 'smin nṛpasattamaiḥ | sādhu vā yadi vāsādhu tan nātikrāntum utsahe ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “In this lineage, the foremost kings of earlier times established a certain customary levy. Whether that practice is good or not, I do not presume to overstep it.”

पूर्वैःby the former (ones)
पूर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रवर्तितम्set in motion / established
प्रवर्तितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवर्तित (प्र + √वृत्/√वर्त्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
किञ्चित्something / a certain (thing)
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिञ्चित्
कुलेin the family
कुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअयम् (इदम्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नृपसत्तमैःby the best of kings
नृपसत्तमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनृपसत्तम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
साधुgood / rightly
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
असाधुbad / improperly
असाधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसाधु
तत्that (rule/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतिक्रान्तुम्to transgress / to overstep
अतिक्रान्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअतिक्रान्तुम् (अति + √क्रम्)
FormInfinitive
उत्सहेI am able / I dare
उत्सहे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह् (उत् + √सह्)
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kula (dynasty/lineage)
P
pūrvāḥ nṛpasattamāḥ (former eminent kings)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights adherence to kula-dharma—dynastic custom and precedent—as a guiding ethical constraint: even if a practice is arguably good or bad, one hesitates to violate what earlier exemplary rulers instituted, emphasizing continuity, legitimacy, and restraint.

A speaker (reported by Vaiśampāyana) justifies following an established rule in the dynasty—described as a customary levy or due—stating that it was instituted by former great kings and therefore will not be transgressed, framing the action as fidelity to inherited royal practice.