HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 1Shloka 174
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Shloka 174

अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope

यदाश्रौष॑ नरनारायणौ तौ कृष्णार्जुनौ वदतो नारदस्य । अहं द्रष्टा ब्रह्मलोके च सम्यक्‌ तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय,जब देवर्षि नारदके मुखसे मैंने यह बात सुनी कि श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुन साक्षात्‌ नर और नारायण हैं और इन्हें मैंने ब्रह्मलोकमें भलीभाँति देखा है, तभीसे मैंने विजयकी आशा छोड़ दी

yadāśrauṣaṁ nara-nārāyaṇau tau kṛṣṇārjunau vadato nāradasya | ahaṁ draṣṭā brahmaloke ca samyak tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya sañjaya ||

When I heard from the divine seer Nārada that Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna are indeed Nara and Nārāyaṇa themselves—and when I had also seen them clearly in Brahmaloka—then, O Sañjaya, from that very time I gave up any hope of victory (for the side opposed to them).

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
अश्रौषम्I heard
अश्रौषम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormLung (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 1, Singular
नरनारायणौNara and Narayana
नरनारायणौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरनारायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
कृष्णार्जुनौKrishna and Arjuna
कृष्णार्जुनौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णार्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वदतःof (him) speaking / as he spoke
वदतः:
Apadana
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
नारदस्यof Narada
नारदस्य:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनारद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
द्रष्टाa seer / one who has seen
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदृश्
FormTr (agent noun), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मलोकेin Brahmaloka
ब्रह्मलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्यक्properly, clearly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आशंसेI hope / I expect
आशंसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-शंस्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, 1, Singular
विजयायfor victory
विजयाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
N
Nara
N
Nārāyaṇa
N
Nārada
B
Brahmaloka
S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

Recognizing the divine nature and dharmic support behind Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna makes the outcome morally and cosmically inevitable: opposition to them is opposition to a divinely sanctioned order, so confidence in victory against them is misplaced.

The speaker recalls hearing from Nārada that Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna are the incarnate pair Nara and Nārāyaṇa, and adds personal confirmation from having seen them in Brahmaloka; based on this double authority (sage testimony and direct vision), he tells Sañjaya that he abandoned hope of victory for the opposing side.