Mantra 3
Sukta 110
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
उप त्वा देवो अग्रमीच्चमसेन बृहस्पतिः । इन्द्र गीर्भिर्न आ विश यजमानाय सुन्वते
IAST Transliteration
úpa tvā devó agramīc camaséna bṛ́haspátiḥ | índra gīrbhír na ā́ víśa yájamānāya sunvaté ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Unto thee the God, Bṛhaspati, hath led the way with the cup. O Indra, enter hither with our hymns, for the sacrificer who presseth.
Word by Word
उपnear; towards (prefix: ‘up/near’)
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग) / उप (अव्यय)
त्वाyou (acc.)
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रमीৎcame/approached
अग्रमीৎ:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) + उपसर्ग आङ् (आ-)
चमसेनwith a cup; by means of the cup
चमसेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootचमस (प्रातिपदिक)
बृहस्पतिःBṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Kartā (apposition to देवः)
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
—
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गीर्भिःwith hymns; by praises
गीर्भिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootगीर्/गिर् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘speech, hymn’
नःof us; for us
नः:
Sampradāna (beneficiary sense: ‘for us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
आhither; in (prefix: ‘towards’)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
विशenter; come in
विश:
—
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (धातु)
यजमानायfor the sacrificer
यजमानाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान (प्रातिपदिक)
सुन्वतेfor (him) pressing (soma); for the presser
सुन्वते:
Sampradāna (co-referential with यजमानाय)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुन्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: To be confirmed from AVŚ anukramaṇī.
Devata: Indra (with Bṛhaspati as introducer)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely; to be verified).
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From orderly guidance to confident entry and empowerment.","listener_experience":"Feels like being ‘led correctly’ into strength; steadies nerves while energizing.","intensity":6}