Mantra 3

Sukta 99

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

परि दद्म इन्द्रस्य बाहू समन्तं त्रातुस्त्रायतां नः । देव सवितः सोम राजन्त्सुमनसं मा कृणु स्वस्तये

IAST Transliteration

pári dadma índrasya bāhū́ samantáṃ trā́tus trāyátāṃ naḥ | devá savitaḥ sóma rājan sumánasaṃ mā kṛṇu svastáye

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

We set around us, on every side, the arms of Indra the protector: let him protect us. O god Savitar, O Soma the King, make me of gracious mind, for welfare.

Word by Word

• परि: around, all around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दद्मः: we give / we place
• दद्मः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दाने)

• इन्द्रस्य: of Indra
• इन्द्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• बाहू: (his) two arms
• बाहू: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)

• समन्तम्: on all sides, entirely
• समन्तम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्त (प्रातिपदिक; अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग)

• त्रातुः: of the protector
• त्रातुः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक; √त्रा ‘रक्षणे’ से)

• त्रायताम्: let (him) protect
• त्रायताम्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रा (रक्षणे)

• नः: us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• देव: O god
• देव: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सवितः: O Savitṛ
• सवितः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमनसम्: good-mindedness, benevolent mind
• सुमनसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमनस् (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + मनस्)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• कृणु: make
• कृणु: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (करणे)

• स्वस्तये: for well-being, for welfare
• स्वस्तये: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्ति (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic transmission (anukramaṇī-dependent)

Devata: Indra (primary), with Savitar and Soma-rājan (auxiliary invocations)

Chandas: Mixed; first hemistich Anuṣṭubh-like, second with expanded invocatory cadence (varies by analysis)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From guarded readiness to settled auspiciousness and goodwill.","listener_experience":"First, a sense of being covered; then a softening into confidence and benevolence.","intensity":6}