Mantra 14
Sukta 15
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
उपप्रवद मण्डूकि वर्षमा वद तादुरि । मध्ये ह्रदस्य प्लवस्व विगृह्य चतुरः पदः
IAST Transliteration
úpaprávad maṇḍūki várṣam ā́ vad tā́duri | mádhye hradásya plavasva vigṛ́hya catúraḥ padáḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Speak forth, O Frog; call hither the Rain: cry out, O Tāduri. In the midst of the mere swim thou about, spreading abroad thy four feet.
Word by Word
उपnear, towards; (as preverb) up/near
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग) / उप (अव्यय)
प्रवदspeak forth!; utter!
प्रवद:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (वदँ व्यक्तायां वाचि)
मण्डूकिO frog (female/‘frog-maiden’)
मण्डूकि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootमण्डूक (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्षम्rain
वर्षम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, hither; (intensifier with verb)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / आ (अव्यय)
वदspeak!
वद:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (वदँ व्यक्तायां वाचि)
तादुरिO Tāduri (name/epithet; addressed being)
तादुरि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootतादुरि (प्रातिपदिक; लोक/वैदिक-नाम)
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun (locative used adverbially)
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ह्रदस्यof the lake/pond
ह्रदस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
प्लवस्वfloat!; swim!
प्लवस्व:
—
TypeVerb
Root√प्लु (प्लुङ् गतौ/प्लवने) → प्लव्
विगृह्यhaving separated/spread out
विगृह्य:
—
TypeGerund
Rootवि-√ग्रह् (ग्रहँ उपादाने) / √गृह् (गृहँ ग्रहणे) → ‘विगृह्य’
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootचतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
पदःsteps/feet
पदः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (often treated as anonymous/collective for this rain-charm cycle)
Devata: Parjanya/Varṣa (Rain) mediated through frogs as rain-messengers
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (with colloquial/onomatopoetic coloring)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"hasya","emotional_arc":"Playful invocation → hopeful expansion toward abundance.","listener_experience":"Lightness, communal delight, expectancy of rain.","intensity":5}