Mantra 2

Sukta 81

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

आ पप्राथ महिना वृष्ण्या वृषन् विश्वा शविष्ठ शवसा । अस्मां अव मघवन् गोमति व्रजे वज्रिं चित्राभिरूतिभिः

IAST Transliteration

ā́ paprātha mahinā́ vŕ̥ṣṇyā vr̥ṣán víśvā śaviṣṭha śávāsā | asmā́n áva maghavan gómati vrajé vajrin citrā́bhir ūtíbhiḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Thou hast spread forth by greatness, by manly vigor, O Bull—thou most mighty, with strength, over all. Protect us, O bounteous one, in the cattle-rich stall, O Vajrin, with thy wondrous aids.

Word by Word

• आ: forth, towards (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• पप्राथ: (he) has expanded, has grown great
• पप्राथ: Kartā (क्रियापद) / predicate
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् (प्रथँ विस्तारे) / √prath

• महिना: by greatness, by might
• महिना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिन् (प्रातिपदिक: महिन्/महिना) / mahin-

• वृष्ण्या: by manly vigor, by virility
• वृष्ण्या: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक) / vṛṣṇya-

• वृषन्: O Bull (vigorous one)
• वृषन्: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) / vṛṣan-

• विश्वा: all (things)
• विश्वा: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक) / viśva-

• शविष्ठ: O most mighty
• शविष्ठ: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; शवस्-तमा) / śaviṣṭha-

• शवसा: with strength, by power
• शवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक) / śavas-

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम) / asmad

• अव: down; (as preverb) protect, aid
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग/निपात) / ava

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Maghavan)
• मघवन्: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक) / maghavan-

• गोमति: in a cattle-rich (place)
• गोमति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमत् (प्रातिपदिक) / gomát-

• व्रजे: in the pen/enclosure, in the fold
• व्रजे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रज (प्रातिपदिक) / vraja-

• वज्रिन्: the wielder of the thunderbolt (Vajrin)
• वज्रिन्: Karma (apposition to अस्मान् in sense: protect us, (us) the vajrin?; or object of implied ‘अव’ as ‘help (the) vajrin’—contextually epithet of Indra)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक) / vajrin-

• चित्राभिः: with bright/wondrous (ones)
• चित्राभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्रा (प्रातिपदिक) / citrā-

• ऊतिभिः: with aids, with protections
• ऊतिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (प्रातिपदिक) / ūti-

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic attribution (AV 20 borrowing): Indra-hymn seer per RV mapping.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Recognition of vast power → intimate request for protection at home → reassurance in ‘wondrous aids’.","listener_experience":"Confidence with warmth: strength that shelters family and livelihood.","intensity":7}