Mantra 2
Sukta 69
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यस्य संस्थे न वृण्वते हरी समत्सु शत्रवः । तस्मा इन्द्राय गायत
IAST Transliteration
yásya saṃsthé ná vṛṇvate hárī samátsu śátravaḥ | tásmā índrāya gāyata ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
He whose two bays the foes win not in the encounter, in the battles,—to that Indra sing ye.
Word by Word
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘whose’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
संस्थेin (his) position/stand
संस्थे:
अधिकारण (सप्तमी) — ‘in/at the station/position’
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्था (प्रातिपदिक; सं-√स्था) अथवा ‘संस्थ’ (स्थान-सम्बन्धी)
नnot
न:
— (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
वृण्वतेthey choose / they select
वृण्वते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति ‘choose, select’)
हरीthe two bay steeds (of Indra)
हरी:
कर्म (युग्म-वस्तु) — ‘the two bays’
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकारण — ‘in battles’
TypeNoun
Rootसमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘battle/encounter’)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
कर्तृ — ‘enemies’ (of वृण्वते)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
सम्प्रदान — ‘to him’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रायto Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान — ‘to Indra’ (apposition to तस्मै)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गायतsing (you all)!
गायत:
क्रिया (आज्ञा) — addressed to singers
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गायति ‘sing’)
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic source attribution (Indra martial stuti); AV 20 compilation context
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Stotra meter (depends on RV source)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From confrontation → assertion of invincibility → rallying call to sing.","listener_experience":"A battle-chant effect: steadiness, aggression contained within order.","intensity":8}