Mantra 21
Sukta 47
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
अयुक्त सप्त शुन्ध्युवः सूरो रथस्य नप्त्यः । ताभिर्याति स्वयुक्तिभिः
IAST Transliteration
áyukta saptá śundhyúvaḥ sū́ro ráthasya náptyāḥ | tā́bhir yā́ti svá-yuktibhiḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
The Sun hath yoked the seven purifying daughters of his chariot; with them he goeth, by his self-yokings.
Word by Word
अयु॑क्तyoked / harnessed
अयु॑क्त:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु) / √yuj
स॒प्तseven
स॒प्त:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootसप्तन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शु॒न्ध्युवः॒the Shundhyu horses (team of steeds)
शु॒न्ध्युवः॒:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशुन्ध्यु (प्रातिपदिक; अश्वविशेष/रथवाहक-विशेष)
सूरःthe Sun (Sūrya)
सूरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (प्रातिपदिक)
रथस्यof the chariot
रथस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
न॒प्त्यःthe descendants / the ‘granddaughters’ (as a group-name)
न॒प्त्यः:
Kartā (सप्त शुन्ध्युवः इत्यस्य समनाधिकरण/अप्पोज़िशन)
TypeNoun
Rootनप्त्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘descendants/kinswomen’, here as a class-name)
ताभिःwith them
ताभिः:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यातिgoes / drives
याति:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) / √yā
स्वयु॑क्तिभिःwith self-yoked (teams/means)
स्वयु॑क्तिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-युक्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘self-yoking/ self-harnessing’, instrumental plural)
Attribution
Rishi: RV solar hymn tradition reused in AV 20; r̥ṣi varies by anukramaṇī.
Devata: Sūrya
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh; confirm by metrical scan in the source edition.
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From firm resolve (yoking) to serene continuity (self-yoked going).","listener_experience":"Confidence in sustainable change; calm momentum.","intensity":4}