Mantra 3
Sukta 44
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
तं सुष्टुत्या विवासे ज्येष्ठराजं भरे कृत्नुम्। महो वाजिनं सनिभ्यः
IAST Transliteration
táṃ suṣṭutyā́ vivāse jyeṣṭha-rā́jaṃ bháre kṛ́tnum | mahó vā́jinaṃ saníbhyáḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Him with well-wrought praise I call—the eldest King, the able in the fray; the great prize-winner, for our winnings.
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सु॒ष्टु॒त्याwith good praise
सु॒ष्टु॒त्या:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental of action/means)
Rootसु-स्तुति (प्रातिपदिक)
वि॑वासेI abide / I remain (in attendance)
वि॑वासे:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootवि + वस् (धातु; ‘to dwell/abide’; in Vedic also ‘to stay, to be present’)
ज्येष्ठराजम्the foremost king
ज्येष्ठराजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ-राजन् (समास-प्रातिपदिक; ‘eldest/foremost king’)
भरेI bear / I support
भरे:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु; ‘to bear, carry, support’)
कृत्नुम्entire, complete
कृत्नुम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्नु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘whole, complete, entire’)
महोgreat
महो:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (Vedic form)
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
वाजिनम्the vigorous one / the prize-winner
वाजिनम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing vāja: strength/prize; swift/steed-like’)
सनिभ्यःfrom the winners / from the gainers
सनिभ्यः:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootसनि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gain, acquisition, winning’; also ‘those who gain’ in plural usage)
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (borrowed into AV 20)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: RV-style meter (Triṣṭubh/Jagatī tendency)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From invocation → recognition of Indra’s senior sovereignty → surge toward winning.","listener_experience":"Arouses courage, steadiness, and a felt sense of being backed by a larger victorious order.","intensity":7}