Mantra 1

Sukta 31

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ता वज्रिणं मन्दिनं स्तोम्यं मद इन्द्रं रथे वहतो हर्यता हरी । पुरूण्यस्मै सवनानि हर्यत इन्द्राय सोमा हरयो दधन्विरे

IAST Transliteration

tā́ vajríṇaṃ mandínaṃ stómyam máda índraṃ ráthe vahato haryatá̄́ hárī | purū́ṇy asmai sávanāni haryáta índrā́ya sómā hárayo dadhanvire

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Those two bay Steeds, desirable, bear in the car the Thunder-armed Indra—gladdened, hymn-worthy—in the rapture. For him are many tawny Soma-pressings; for Indra the Soma-draughts, and the Bays, are set a-running.

Word by Word

• तौ: those two
• तौ: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वज्रिणम्: the thunderbolt-bearer
• वज्रिणम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मन्दिनम्: the gladdening/joyous one
• मन्दिनम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्तोम्यम्: worthy of praise
• स्तोम्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्तोम्य (प्रातिपदिक; स्तोम + य)

• मदे: in exhilaration (of soma)
• मदे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथे: on the chariot
• रथे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वहतः: (they) carry/drive
• वहतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु)

• हर्यता: with the two bay (horses)
• हर्यता: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हर्यत (प्रातिपदिक; हरि-सम्बन्धी/हरि-युक्त)

• हरी: the two bay horses
• हरी: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरूणि: many
• पुरूणि: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पुरु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: for him
• अस्मै: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सवनानि: pressings/offerings (soma-pressings)
• सवनानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक)

• हर्यत: dear/pleasing (to the bays/Indra)
• हर्यत: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हर्यत (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्राय: for Indra
• इन्द्राय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमाः: the soma (draughts)
• सोमाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• हरयः: the bays (horses)
• हरयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• दधन्विरे: have hastened/pressed forward
• दधन्विरे: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: धन्/धन्व् (धातु; ‘to run/press on, hasten’)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally RV-derived; in AV 20 the seer attributions follow Rigvedic parallels (Indra-stuti lineage).

Devata: Indra (with the Haris as his conveyance).

Chandas: Jagatī (11-syllable cadence typical of many Indra hymns; AV 20 largely mirrors RV meters).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From invocation to exhilarated arrival—power running toward the devotee.","listener_experience":"Uplift, readiness, a sense of being ‘backed’ by a mighty ally.","intensity":7}