Mantra 4
Sukta 28
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
अपामूर्मिर्मदन्निव स्तोम इन्द्राजिरायते । वि ते मदा अराजिषुः
IAST Transliteration
apā́m ū́rmir mádann iva stóma indra ajirāyate | ví te mádā arājiṣuḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Like a wave of waters, as though in rapture, the hymn speeds, O Indra, unto thee: forth shine thy exultations.
Word by Word
अपाम्of the waters
अपाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊर्मिःthe wave
ऊर्मिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootऊर्मि (प्रातिपदिक)
मदन्intoxicating, exhilarating
मदन्:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival) / Kṛdanta
Rootमद् (धातु) → शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (मदत्/मदन्)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
स्तोमःhymn of praise
स्तोमः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्राजिरायतेmoves swiftly (like a racer)
इन्द्राजिरायते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=स्तोमः)
TypeVerb
Rootअजिर (प्रातिपदिक) + √या (धातु, गत्यर्थ) → नामधातु/क्यच्-प्रयोग: अजिरायते
विapart, forth (intensifier)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (Preverb)
Rootवि
तेfor you / your
ते:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (contextual: ‘for you/your’)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मदाःintoxicating joys, exhilarations
मदाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक)
अराजिषुःhave shone forth / have flashed
अराजिषुः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=मदाः)
TypeVerb
Root√राज्/√रञ्ज् (दीप्ति/रञ्जने) + उपसर्ग आ- → आ-राजिषुः
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic attribution (Indra praise tradition; AV 20 reuse)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From swelling wave-like approach to radiant outbreak of Indra’s exultant power.","listener_experience":"A sense of uplift and quickening; speech feels like it ‘moves’ and clears the way.","intensity":6}