Mantra 1
Sukta 137
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यद्ध प्राचीरजगन्तोरो मण्डूरधाणिकीः । हता इन्द्रस्य शत्रवः सर्वे बुद्बुदयाशवः
IAST Transliteration
yád dha prācī́r ájagantóro maṇḍūra-dhāṇikī́ḥ | hatā́ índrasya śátraváḥ sárve budbudáyāśavaḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
When verily they went forth eastward, the mandūra-grain-bearers—then were Indra’s enemies smitten, all of them bubble-swift (and bubble-frail).
Word by Word
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
हindeed
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (nipāta)
प्राचीःeastern/forward (ones), advancing
प्राचीः:
Kartā (with अजगन्त) / or adjectival to implied feminine subject
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राची (prātipadika from प्राञ्च् ‘eastern/forward’)
अजगन्तthey came / they advanced
अजगन्त:
Kriyā (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (gam) with preverb आ-; aorist (injunctive) 3rd pl.
उरोthe breast/chest
उरो:
Karma (object/goal affected)
TypeNoun
Rootउरस् (prātipadika)
मण्डूरधाणिकीःthe Maṇḍūradhāṇikīs (a named group)
मण्डूरधाणिकीः:
Kartā (subject of अजगन्त)
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डूरधाणिकी (prātipadika; compound, likely a name/epithet of a group; AV lexicon: a class of beings/charms; exact etymology uncertain)
हताःslain
हताः:
Predicative (to शत्रवः)
TypeAdjective
Root√हन् (han) → past passive participle हत (kṛdanta)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Kartā/Topic (subject of nominal sentence with हताः)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (prātipadika)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Viśeṣaṇa (of शत्रवः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (prātipadika)
बुद्बुदयाशवः(those) ‘bubble-swift/foam-swift’ (epithet/name)
बुद्बुदयाशवः:
Apposition/Viśeṣaṇa (to शत्रवः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootबुद्बुदयाशु (prātipadika; compound; interpretation uncertain: ‘bubble-quick/foam-swift’ or a named epithet)
Attribution
Rishi: Not determinable from excerpt alone; the hymn is Indra-centered and likely borrowed/reworked from older Indraic material.
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Orientation → strike → contemptuous diminishment of the foe.","listener_experience":"Courage, tactical clarity, reduction of enemy-awe.","intensity":7}