Mantra 19
Sukta 92
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
अषाल्हमुग्रं पृतनासु सासहिं यस्मिन् महीरुरुज्रयः । सं धेनवो जायमाने अनोनवुर्द्यावः क्षामो अनोनवुः
IAST Transliteration
aṣā́ḷham ugráṁ pṛ́tanāsu sāsahíṁ yásmin mahī́r urujráyaḥ | sáṁ dhénavo jā́yamāne anonavuḥ dyā́vaḥ kṣā́mo anonavuḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Invincible, fierce, victorious in battles—he in whom the great wide-striding powers abide: at his birth the milch-cows resounded; heaven and earth resounded.
Word by Word
अषा॑ल्हम्unconquered, invincible
अषा॑ल्हम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-इन्द्रम्/तम् implied) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअषा॑ल्ह (प्रातिपदिक; a- + √सह् ‘to overcome’ > ‘unconquered’)
उ॒ग्रम्fierce, mighty
उ॒ग्रम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-इन्द्रम्/तम् implied) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
पृत॑नासुin battles
पृत॑नासु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक)
सास॒हिम्conquering, victorious
सास॒हिम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-इन्द्रम्/तम् implied) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसासहि (प्रातिपदिक; √सह् ‘to conquer/endure’ with reduplication; ‘conqueror’)
यस्मिन्in whom / in which
यस्मिन्:
अधिकारण (सम्बन्ध-स्थल)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
म॒हीःthe great (ones)
म॒हीः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun-like
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक; ‘great, mighty’)
उ॒रु॒ज्रयः॑wide-striding / far-reaching (ones)
उ॒रु॒ज्रयः॑:
कर्तृ (महीः इत्यस्य विशेषण/समानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun-like
Rootउरुज्रि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wide/strong-going’, epithet)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (समवाय/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धे॒नवःcows
धे॒नवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
जाय॑मानेwhen (he/it) is being born; at birth
जाय॑माने:
अधिकारण (काल/अवस्था: ‘at the time of being born’)
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Root√जन् (to be born) > जायमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ/शानच्-प्रकार; ‘being born/coming into being’)
अनोनवुःthey cried out / they raised a shout
अनोनवुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√नु/नव् (to shout/cry; Vedic) with reduplication: अनो-नव्
द्यावःthe heavens
द्यावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षामःthe earth/lands
क्षामः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootक्षाम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘earth/ground’ in Vedic usage)
अनोनवुःthey cried out / they resounded
अनोनवुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√नु/नव् (to shout/cry; Vedic) with reduplication: अनो-नव्
Attribution
Rishi: RV-source r̥ṣi attribution (Indra-stotra tradition) carried into AV 20.
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From invincible battle-force to wondrous cosmic affirmation and abundance.","listener_experience":"Feels undefeatable yet supported; prosperity seems ‘near.’","intensity":8}