Mantra 1

Sukta 55

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

रायस्पोषप्राप्तिः। रात्रिंरात्रिमप्रयातं भरन्तोऽश्वायेव तिष्ठते घासमस्मै। रायस्पोषेण समिषा मदन्तो मा ते अग्ने प्रतिवेशा रिषाम

IAST Transliteration

rāyas-poṣa-prā́ptiḥ | rā́trim rā́trim á-prayātaṃ bháranto ’śvā́ya iva tíṣṭhate ghāsám asmáī | rāyas-poṣéṇa sám-iṣā mádanto mā́ te agne práti-veśā ríṣāma

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Attainment of wealth and thriving. Night after night, not departing, bringing (supply) as fodder for a horse, it stands ready—fodder for him. Rejoicing with wealth and thriving, with gathered nourishment, O Agni, let not thy successive entrants (guests) do us harm.

Word by Word

• रात्रिम्: night (as the object/goal)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्रिम्: night (again; ‘night after night’)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि-

• अप्रयातम्: not gone forth; not departing
• अप्रयातम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-या (धातु) + अ- (निषेध) → अप्रयात (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त-भाव)

• भरन्तः: bearing, carrying
• भरन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु)

• अश्वाय: for the horse
• अश्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• तिष्ठते: stands, remains
• तिष्ठते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) → तिष्ठ (वर्तमानधातु)

• घासम्: fodder, grass
• घासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घास- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: for him/for this one
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रयि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wealth’)

• पोषेण: with nourishment, with prosperity
• पोषेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पोष- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम्

• इषा: with refreshment/food
• इषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment/food’)

• मदन्तः: rejoicing, being exhilarated
• मदन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• ते: your
• ते: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतिवेशाः: neighbors
• प्रतिवेशाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिवेश- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘neighbor/one dwelling opposite’)

• रिषाम: may (they) be harmed / may (they) injure (contextually negated by ‘मा’)
• रिषाम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष् (धातु) → रिष् (विधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ् रूप-सम्भावना) / अथवा ‘रिष्’ (हानौ) 1पु.बहु?

Attribution

Rishi: Ātharvaṇa (late household/prosperity tradition)

Devata: Agni (as household protector and prosperity mediator)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (with prose-like rubric)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From gentle recurrence and provision → confident enjoyment of prosperity → firm protective request.","listener_experience":"Warmth, reassurance, and a sense of guarded openness to social flow.","intensity":4}