Mantra 23

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

आ यूथेव क्षुमति पश्वो अख्यद् देवानां जनिमान्त्युग्रः । मर्तासश्चिदुर्वशीरकृप्रन् वृधे चिदर्य उपरस्यायोः

IAST Transliteration

ā́ yū́theva kṣumáti paśvó ákhyad devā́nāṃ jánimāni tú ugráḥ | mártāsaś cid urváśīr akṛpran vṛ́dhe cid aryá úparasyā́yoḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Forth, like a herd in might, there came to sight the births of gods—so mighty was it. Even mortals fashioned Urvaśīs, yea, for increase—even the Arya, of higher Āyu’s line.

Word by Word

• आ: towards; forth (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• यूथा: a herd; flock
• यूथा: Adhikaraṇa (उपमान-निर्देश) / —
• Type: Noun
• Root: यूथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like; as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• क्षुमति: abounding in nourishment/strength; thriving
• क्षुमति: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृपदस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पश्वः: of cattle; of the beast
• पश्वः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अख्यत्: he/it proclaimed; made known; appeared
• अख्यत्: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ख्यै (धातु)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनिमानि: births; origins; begettings
• जनिमानि: Karma (अख्यत्—किं? जनिमानि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्ति: near; in the presence of
• अन्ति: Adhikaraṇa (देश/निकटता)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्ति

• उग्रः: mighty; fierce; powerful
• उग्रः: Kartā (कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्तासः: mortals; men
• मर्तासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even; indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित्

• उर्वशीः: Urvashīs (Apsarases); heavenly nymphs
• उर्वशीः: Karma (अकृप्रन्—काः?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उर्वशी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अकृप्रन्: they made; they fashioned
• अकृप्रन्: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• वृधे: for growth; for the increaser
• वृधे: Sampradāna (हित/प्रयोजन—‘for growth/for the increaser’)
• Type: Noun (abstract) / Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वृध् (धातु) / वृध (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even; indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित्

• अर्यः: the Arya; noble man; patron
• अर्यः: Kartā (उप-आ-याः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• उपरस्य: of the upper/over; of the higher one
• उपरस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपर (प्रातिपदिक)

• आयोः: of the goer/approacher; of the one who comes
• आयोः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Verb-derived form (kṛdanta used as noun)
• Root: या (धातु) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक: आयु/आयु- ‘going/approach’)

Attribution

Rishi: Pitṛ-associated seers (implicit; verse in pitṛ hymn sequence)

Devata: Pitṛs with mythic/cosmic referents (divine births; Urvaśī motif)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shringara","emotional_arc":"Surging power and revelation → wonder at divine origins → growth-oriented delight through Urvaśī imagery.","listener_experience":"Awe, uplift, and a gentle attraction toward life’s creative possibilities.","intensity":6}