Mantra 39

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

रोहितः कालो अभवद् रोहितोऽग्रे प्रजापतिः । रोहितो यज्ञानां मुखं रोहितः स्व१राभरत्

IAST Transliteration

róhitaḥ kāló abhavad róhito’gré prajā́patiḥ | róhito yajñā́nāṃ múkhaṃ róhitaḥ svà ā́bharat

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Rohita became Time; Rohita was, in the beginning, Prajāpati. Rohita is the mouth of sacrifices; Rohita brought heaven hither.

Word by Word

• रोहितः: Rohita (the ‘Red one’; a divine personage)
• रोहितः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक; √रुह् ‘to grow/rise’ से निष्पन्न ‘रोहित’)

• कालः: Time
• कालः: Kartā (समानााधिकरण/विशेष्य-विशेषण भाव: ‘रोहितः’ के साथ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभवत्: became / came to be
• अभवत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति)

• रोहितः: Rohita
• रोहितः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्रे: in front; at first; in the beginning
• अग्रे: Adhikaraṇa (काल/स्थान-निर्देश: ‘in the beginning’)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial use)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रजापतिः: Prajāpati (Lord of creatures)
• प्रजापतिः: Kartā (समानााधिकरण/अप्पोज़िशन: ‘रोहितः … प्रजापतिः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)

• रोहितः: Rohita
• रोहितः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञानाम्: of the sacrifices
• यज्ञानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• मुखम्: mouth; foremost part
• मुखम्: Karma/Predicative complement (अर्थ: ‘(is) the mouth/foremost part’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)

• रोहितः: Rohita
• रोहितः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वः: heaven; the heavenly world
• स्वः: Karma (प्राप्तव्य/आहृत वस्तु/लोक)
• Type: Noun (used adverbially)
• Root: स्वस्/स्वर् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्वर्ग/द्युलोक’)

• आभरत्: brought; carried hither
• आभरत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√भृ (भरति)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Rohita hymn complex)

Devata: Rohita (solar-red), with identifications to Kāla and Prajāpati

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (4 pādas of ~8 syllables; relatively regular here)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From wonder at origin-identifications to calm assurance of access and order.","listener_experience":"A sense of vastness and inevitability, then steadiness—‘time is on my side’ through Rohita.","intensity":6}